drought學測 L5KK [ˈdraʊt] ｜ /ˈdraʊt/
乾旱；缺水·雨量不足；旱災
學測必考的環境議題單字
After months without rain, the drought made the green fields dry and empty.
好幾個月沒下雨，乾旱讓原本綠油油的田地變得又乾又空。
一個畫面：嘴唇乾到裂開
喉嚨乾渴很久沒喝水，喉嚨又乾又渴
嘴唇乾裂身體缺水缺到嘴唇都裂開了
土地龜裂地面因為長期缺水而裂出一條條紋路
義項
乾裂土地B2noun乾旱；缺水
The farmers had no rain for months, and the drought dried up the whole river.
農夫好幾個月沒下雨，乾旱讓整條河都乾涸了。
severe droughtprolonged drought
枯萎作物B2noun雨量不足；旱災
The long drought made the corn plants die in the field.
長時間的乾旱讓玉米在田裡枯死了。
drought conditionsdrought-resistant crops
片語
severe drought旱情惡化 →十分嚴重的乾旱
prolonged drought旱災拖久 →持續很久的乾旱
drought-resistant耐旱抗乾 →能耐得住乾旱的
你會不會這樣說？
The region is suffering from a severe ___, so the river has dried up. (drought / draught)
看答案
drought
drought 指乾旱缺水；draught 另指氣流，兩字拼法相近但意思不同。
'The long drought made the corn plants die in the field.' 這裡的 drought 最接近哪個意思？(A) 長期缺乏雨水 (B) 突然的暴風雨 (C) 河流氾濫
看答案
(A)
drought 指長期缺雨，不是暴風雨或氾濫，可從玉米枯死判斷。
字族
drought-stricken 遭受旱災的
順路看看
flood — drought 的反義詞，雨太多成災多益練習
本區為多益情境練習，與上方釋義獨立編寫
情境例句
工廠用水
The prolonged drought reduced the factory's water supply.
持續已久的乾旱使工廠的供水量減少。
農場工作報告
The farm supervisor reported that the drought had damaged several fields of corn.
農場主管回報，旱災已使好幾片玉米田受損。
詞族
drought 名詞 乾旱；缺水・droughts 複數名詞 多次或多地的乾旱・drought-resistant 形容詞 耐旱的
四選一
The farm manager reported that a prolonged ____ had dried up the irrigation pond.
看答案
drought
完整句需要單數名詞 drought，與 a prolonged 組成主詞。droughts 是複數，不能搭配 a；drought-resistant（耐旱的）和 drought-stricken（受旱災影響的）都是形容詞，此處缺少可供修飾的名詞。
同義改寫
The prolonged drought reduced the factory's water supply. → The long period of water shortage reduced the factory's water supply.
在工廠供水語境中，prolonged drought 與 long period of water shortage 都表示長時間缺水，保留供水量減少的因果關係。
The farm supervisor attributed the crop damage to a prolonged drought. → The farm supervisor attributed the crop damage to a prolonged shortage of rainfall.
此處 drought 指雨量長期不足，因此可改寫為 prolonged shortage of rainfall，維持主管對作物受損原因的判斷。