instruct學測 L4KK [ˌɪˈnstrʌkt]/ˌɪˈnstrʌkt/
指示;命令·教導;傳授
兩家版本課本收錄,學測常考動詞
The coach will instruct the players to warm up before the game.

教練會指示球員在比賽前先熱身。

instruct 藏著字根 struct(建造、堆疊),原意是把步驟一塊塊疊進對方腦中,才衍生出命令與教導兩義。

一個畫面:把步驟疊進腦中

字根堆疊struct 源自拉丁文,原意是建造、堆疊
疊入步驟把該做的動作一步步疊起來
灌進腦中疊好的步驟送進對方腦袋,成了指令或知識

義項

命令下達C1verb指示;命令
The lifeguard instructed everyone to leave the pool.
救生員指示大家離開泳池。
instruct staffinstruct the team
傳授技巧B2verb教導;傳授
My uncle instructed me on how to ride a bike.
叔叔教我怎麼騎腳踏車。
instruct studentsinstruct beginners

片語

as instructed照指示做 →按照指示做事
follow instructions依指示做 →遵照指示去做
give clear instructions說明清楚 →給出清楚的指示
an instruction manual翻閱手冊 →使用說明手冊

你會不會這樣說?

The coach will ___ the team before the match. (instruct / instruction)

看答案

instruct

instruct 是動詞,instruction 是名詞,此處需要動詞。

'My uncle instructed me on how to ride a bike.' 這句的 instruct 最接近哪個意思?(A) 命令 (B) 教導 (C) 告知

看答案

(B)

此句在教技能,對應「教導;傳授」義項,非單純下命令。

字族

instruction 指示;教學(名詞)・instructor 教練;指導員・instructive 有教育意義的

順路看看

多益練習

本區為多益情境練習,與上方釋義獨立編寫

情境例句

會議準備
The supervisor instructed the team to upload their slides before noon.
主管指示團隊在中午前上傳簡報。
新人訓練
An experienced technician instructed the new employees in basic equipment maintenance.
一位資深技術人員教導新進員工基本的設備保養方法。

詞族

instruction 名詞 指示;教導・instructor 名詞 講師;指導員・instructional 形容詞 教學用的

四選一

The trainer will ____ new employees in the use of the booking system.

  • instruction
  • instruct
  • instructor
  • instructional
看答案

instruct

will 後接原形動詞,instruct 符合 instruct someone in something(教導某人某項技能)的句型。instruction 和 instructor 是名詞;instructional 是形容詞,三者都無法在此作為 will 後的主要動詞。

同義改寫

The supervisor instructed the team to upload their slides before noon. → The supervisor directed the team to upload their slides before noon.
此處 instructed 與 directed 都表示主管下達指示,要求團隊在同一期限前完成上傳。
An experienced technician instructed the new employees in basic equipment maintenance. → An experienced technician taught the new employees how to perform basic equipment maintenance.
instructed someone in 與 taught someone how to 都表示傳授技能;此處教導的內容同為基本設備保養。

延伸練習

回報這個字的錯誤