violate學測 L5KK [ˈvaɪəlet] ｜ /ˈvaɪəleɪt/
違反；觸犯·侵犯；性侵·褻瀆；玷污
學測常考詞，義項多易混淆
The company violated the law by dumping waste into the river.
這間公司把廢水排入河裡，違反了法律。
一個畫面：跨過不該跨的線
跨越紅線腳跨過畫定的界線，闖入禁區
強行闖入不顧他人意願，強行進入其身體或空間
玷污聖物伸手觸碰神聖不可侵犯之物
義項
跨越紅線C1verb違反；觸犯
Drivers who violate the speed limit must pay a fine.
違反速限的駕駛人必須繳罰款。
violate the lawviolate the speed limit
強行闖入C1verb侵犯；性侵
The court said the man had violated a young woman.
法院判定這名男子性侵了一名年輕女子。
violate a young woman
玷污聖物C1verb褻瀆；玷污
The thief broke into the temple and violated it.
小偷闖入寺廟，褻瀆了那裡。
violate something sacred
片語
violate the law越過法線 →違反法律規定
violate human rights踐踏人權 →侵犯人民基本權利
violate a contract撕毀合約 →違背合約內容
violate someone's privacy闖入隱私 →侵犯他人隱私空間
你會不會這樣說？
He was fined for ___ the speed limit. (violate / violin)
看答案
violate
violate 是違反，violin 是小提琴，外觀相近意思不同。
'The thief broke into the temple and violated it.' 這裡的 violate 最接近哪個意思？(A) 違反規定 (B) 褻瀆聖物 (C) 侵犯人權
看答案
(B)
此句描述破壞聖物的行為，對應「褻瀆；玷污」義項。
字族
violation 違反；侵犯（名詞）・violator 違反者；侵犯者
順路看看
多益練習
本區為多益情境練習，與上方釋義獨立編寫
情境例句
辦公室出入規定
Sharing an access card with a visitor would violate the company's entry rules.
與訪客共用門禁卡會違反公司的出入規定。
供應商協議討論
The purchasing manager asked whether the proposed change would violate the supplier agreement.
採購經理詢問，擬議的變更是否會違反供應商協議。
詞族
violate 動詞（原形） 違反；觸犯・violation 名詞 違反；違規行為・violator 名詞 違規者・violated 動詞（過去式／過去分詞） 違反了；已違反
四選一
Employees must not ____ the company's rules on sharing access cards.
看答案
violate
must not 後需要原形動詞 violate。violation 是行為名詞，violator 是指人的名詞；violated 是過去式或過去分詞，三者都不能在此接續 must not 並帶出受詞。
同義改寫
Sharing an access card with a visitor would violate the company's entry rules. → Sharing an access card with a visitor would break the company's entry rules.
以規定為受詞時，violate 與 break 都表示違反；would 所表達的假設情境也保留。
The purchasing manager asked whether the proposed change would violate the supplier agreement. → The purchasing manager asked whether the proposed change would breach the supplier agreement.
在協議情境中，violate 與 breach 都表示違反約定。改寫仍是詢問是否違約，並未判定已經違約。