penalize多益
多益新增字・持續校對中，發現問題歡迎用頁尾回報
處罰；判罰·使處於不利
常考動詞，掌握校規、賽場、稅法情境
Being late for practice will penalize the whole team.
練習遲到會讓全隊受罰。
一個畫面：秤端被壓低
違規做了不被允許的事
受罰因此被扣分或扣錢
被拖累即使沒犯錯也一起吃虧
義項
違規受罰B2verb處罰；判罰
The teacher penalized the student for copying answers.
老師因為學生抄答案而處罰了他。
penalize a playerpenalize a student
無辜受累B2verb使處於不利
The new rule penalizes students who don't own a computer.
新規定讓沒有電腦的學生處於不利地位。
penalize small businessespenalize students
片語
penalize heavily重重處罰 →嚴厲重罰
你會不會這樣說？
The teacher will ___ students who copy answers. (penalize / penalty)
看答案
penalize
penalize 是動詞，penalty 是名詞，此處需要動詞。
'The new rule penalizes students who don't own a computer.' 這句的 penalize 最接近哪個意思？(A) 因違規而處罰某人 (B) 使未犯錯的人處於不利
看答案
(B)
學生沒犯錯只是條件不同，故對應第二義項。
字族
penalty 處罰；罰款
順路看看
punish — 更常見的處罰動詞，範圍更廣fine — 動詞指「罰款」，針對金錢處罰disadvantage — 劣勢名詞，是penalize造成的結果多益練習
本區為多益情境練習，與上方釋義獨立編寫
情境例句
員工培訓競賽
The judges penalized our team for exceeding the presentation time limit.
評審因為我們這組簡報超時而給予處罰。
內部會議安排
Holding every meeting at headquarters penalizes employees based in regional offices.
每次都在總部開會，會讓任職於各地辦公室的員工處於不利地位。
詞族
penalize verb 處罰；使處於不利・penalized verb (past tense / past participle) 處罰的過去式／過去分詞・penalty noun 處罰；懲罰
四選一
The workshop rules allow judges to ____ teams that exceed the time limit.
看答案
penalize
allow someone to 後接原形動詞，因此選 penalize。penalty 是名詞；penalized 是過去式或過去分詞；penalizing 是 -ing 形式，皆不符合此處的不定詞結構。
同義改寫
The judges penalized our team for exceeding the presentation time limit. → The judges punished our team for exceeding the presentation time limit.
此處是因違反時間限制而受罰，punished 保留處罰之意，未指定處罰方式。
Holding every meeting at headquarters penalizes employees based in regional offices. → Holding every meeting at headquarters puts employees based in regional offices at a disadvantage.
此處未涉及員工違規，puts ... at a disadvantage 保留安排造成不利的意思。