violation學測 L5KK [vaɪəˈleʃən] ｜ /vaɪəˈleɪʃən/
違反；違規·侵入；擅闖
學測必考字，違規與侵權都用它
Riding a bike on the sidewalk is a violation of the traffic rules.
在人行道上騎腳踏車是違反交通規則的行為。
一個畫面：跨越警戒線
跨越紅線腳跨過畫在地上的紅線
破門闖入推開不該開的門走進去
越界觸犯手伸進不該碰的範圍
義項
違規停車B1noun違反；違規
Talking during the exam was a clear violation of the rules.
段考時說話是明顯違反規定的行為。
a violation of the rulesa traffic violation
闖入房間B2noun侵入；擅闖
He walked into her room without knocking, which was a clear violation.
他沒敲門就走進她的房間，是明顯的擅闖行為。
a violation of privacya violation of human rights
片語
in violation of跨越紅線 →違反了規定
traffic violation違規停車 →交通違規
human rights violation人權被踐踏 →侵犯人權的行為
violation of privacy隱私被侵犯 →侵犯隱私
你會不會這樣說？
'He was fined for a traffic violation.' 這裡的 violation 最接近哪個意思？(A) 違規行為 (B) 侵犯隱私 (C) 性侵
看答案
(A)
此句指交通違規，對應第一個義項「違反；違規」，而非侵入或性侵。
violation 與 violate 是同一個詞性。(對/錯)
看答案
錯
violation 是名詞，violate 是動詞，兩者詞性不同。
字族
violate 違反；侵犯（動詞）・violator 違規者；侵犯者
順路看看
offense — 犯規或罪行，範圍比 violation 更廣多益練習
本區為多益情境練習，與上方釋義獨立編寫
情境例句
公司設備管理
The supervisor recorded a violation of the company's equipment checkout rules.
主管記錄了一起違反公司設備借用規定的事件。
辦公室私人空間
The employee described the visitor's unauthorized entry into her private office as a violation of her personal space.
這位員工表示，訪客未經許可進入她的私人辦公室，侵犯了她的個人空間。
詞族
violation noun 違反；違規行為・violate verb 違反規定或協議・violator noun 違規者・violated verb（過去式／過去分詞） 違反了；被違反
四選一
Removing equipment without permission would ____ the company's internal rules.
看答案
violate
助動詞 would 後面須接原形動詞 violate，並以 rules 為受詞。violation 是行為名詞，violator 是指人的名詞，兩者都不能充當此處的動詞；violated 不是原形。
同義改寫
Removing equipment without permission is a violation of company rules. → Removing equipment without permission breaks company rules.
is a violation of 與 breaks 在此都表示違反公司規定；改寫保留了同一行為與規則範圍。
She considered the visitor's unauthorized entry into her private office a violation of her personal space. → She considered the visitor's unauthorized entry into her private office an intrusion into her personal space.
在未經許可進入私人辦公室的具體情境中，violation 可改寫為 intrusion；兩句都保留這是她對該行為的看法。