bacteria學測 L3KK [bæˈktɪriə]/bæˈktɪriə/
細菌
生物與健康人氣字,單複數常搞混
Some bacteria live inside your body and help you stay healthy every day.

有些細菌住在你的體內,還能幫助你保持健康。

bacteria 本身就是複數形,家族裡有讓人生病的,也有幫你消化食物的。

一個畫面:球狀螺旋桿狀顆粒

球狀圓球聚集的形態
螺旋狀捲曲如彈簧的形態
桿狀細長如小棒的形態

義項

顯微生物群B2noun細菌
The doctor found bacteria in his throat and gave him medicine to help him get better.
醫生在他的喉嚨裡發現細菌,開藥讓他好轉。
kill bacteriaharmful bacteria

片語

harmful bacteria致病害菌 →會讓人生病的細菌
good bacteria腸道益菌 →對身體有幫助的細菌
kill bacteria殺菌消毒 →殺死細菌完成消毒

你會不會這樣說?

One ___ can multiply into millions within hours. (bacteria / bacterium)

看答案

bacterium

bacteria 是複數形,單數用 bacterium,兩字不可互換。

根據內文,腸道裡的細菌對人體消化沒有幫助。(對/錯)

看答案

腸道裡的細菌能幫助食物消化,對人體有益。

字族

bacterium 細菌(單數形)・bacterial 細菌的(形容詞)

順路看看

多益練習

本區為多益情境練習,與上方釋義獨立編寫

情境例句

實驗室檢測紀錄
The laboratory technician recorded the number of bacteria in each sample.
實驗室技術員記錄了每份樣本中的細菌數量。
品管團隊開會
The quality control team discussed the bacteria found in the water sample.
品管團隊討論了水樣中發現的細菌。

詞族

bacterium noun, singular 一個細菌・bacteria noun, plural 細菌(複數)・bacterial adjective 細菌的

四選一

A single ____ was visible in the image saved by the laboratory technician.

  • bacteria
  • bacterial
  • bacterium
  • bacterially
看答案

bacterium

A single 與 was 要求單數名詞,因此選 bacterium。bacteria 是複數名詞;bacterial 是形容詞,後面缺少名詞;bacterially 是副詞,不能充當此處的主詞核心。

同義改寫

The technician counted the bacteria in the sample. → The technician counted the bacterial cells in the sample.
在這個細菌計數情境中,bacterial cells 指同一批單細胞細菌,保留計數對象。
The lab report confirmed the presence of bacteria in the sample. → The lab report confirmed that the sample contained bacteria.
the presence of bacteria 改寫為 contained bacteria,都表示報告確認樣本中有細菌,未增加致病性等判斷。

延伸練習

回報這個字的錯誤